Nuclear reactor understanding how it works physics elearnin. Dae a 700mw pressurised heavy water reactor at kakrapar nuclear plant in gujarat is likely to be commissioned by april, shri krishna gupta, a senior official of. Heat transfer from fuel to coolant a fuel channel in a candu reactor is normally supplied with up to 25 kgs of coolant and produces up to 7 mw of power. Download images and watch videos in our multimedia gallery. Advanced measurement techniques such as high speed video, particle image velocimetry, and laser. Jun 17, 2019 as for natural uranium, it will undergo fission. Jul 12, 2017 what makes the candu nuclear reactor superior to other nuclear reactors.
Video on the refueling of the candu reactor by the canadian atomic energy agency. The candu pressurized heavywater reactor phwr is based on more than 50 years of nuclear technology development. This report summarizes the results of a detailed study of the various procedures and costs associated with decommissioning a candu reactor. The nrx was a heavy water moderated reactor that was built to produce plutonium for the american nuclear. As the stewards of candu nuclear reactor technology, we provide affordable, lowcarbon. Also with aid from the government of canada, india purchased a power plant from aecl rapp1 1963 construction began on rapp1, which had. Other articles where canada deuterium uranium reactor is discussed. Risks of operating candu 6 nuclear power plants banktrack. Other countries having the candu reactors, such as korea, china, and romania, are also using the simulator in their university programs. The candu safety shutdown system consists of two separate systems designed to shutdown a candu reactor during an emergency. The report concluded that the plan for deep geological disposal is technically sound, and that nuclear waste. The candu reactor uses either light or heavy water for its coolant. Fission reactions in the reactor core heat pressurized water in a primary cooling loop.
Heat is used to boil water, which turns to high pressure steam, which flows through a turbine, which turns an electrical generator, which makes electricity. Nov 06, 2014 candu energy says its new nuclear technology, which is able to use spent fuel from other reactors, has cleared a hurdle in china. Rfsp is a diffusion code used by the canadian nuclear industry for fuel management and for safety analyses. In water reactors, the coolant is also the moderator. Nuclear regulatory commission washington, dc 205550001. There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper from the quiz author. Aecl atomic energy of canada limited is the designer and developer of the candu. Its construction began in 1974, it went into service in 1983, and was safely shut down in 2012. The history and current state of canadas candu nuclear. Nuclear reactors are used as research tools, as systems for producing radioactive isotope s, and most prominently as energy sources for nuclear power plants. This is eventually a problem with all classes of nuclear reactor. In comparison to the majority of the worlds commercial reactors, which are pressurized, light water reactors pwr, the candu heavy water reactor design has several inherent safety advantages.
Currently the candu9 simulator is used as part of the nuclear engineering program studies at mcmaster university, and university of ontario institute of technology uoit, both canadian universities. Candu pressure tubes iaea scientific and technical publications. Candu heavy water reactors use natural uranium, of which 0. At present, there are over four hundred operational nuclear power plants. A nuclear reactor is a device to initiate, and control, a sustained nuclear chain reaction. Candu reactor accessscience from mcgrawhill education.
From candu, it takes the heavy water moderator, which. The pressurized heavy water reactor phwr technology was conceived in canada and has moved to several nations for commercial production of electricity. Looking for online definition of candu or what candu stands for. Dae a 700mw pressurised heavy water reactor at kakrapar nuclear plant in gujarat is likely to be commissioned by april, shri krishna gupta, a senior official of the department of atomic energy, said on tuesday. Atomic energy of canada limited aecl developed the candu reactor technology starting in the 1950s. Factors contributing to the proliferation resistance of candu reactors are examined, from. A heat exchanger, also known as a steam generator, transfers the heat to a secondary cooling loop, which powers a steam turbine with an electric generator attached to it for a typical rankine thermodynamic cycle. It combines features of the existing candu pressurised heavy water reactors phwr with features of lightwater cooled pressurized water reactors pwr. The higher neutron fluxes of the fast breeder make it a special problem there, and it will be even worse for a fusion plant. Download ontario tech mobile for blog notifications, course information and much more. Im skeptical about the claim that heavy water is toxic. Nuclear reactor, any of a class of devices that can initiate and control a selfsustaining series of nuclear fission s. The most common use of nuclear reactors is for the generation of electrical power nuclear power and for the power in some ships nuclear marine propulsion. Candu moderator flow studies james strack mcmaster.
Thus, candu reactors are ideally suited for using material from decommissioned nuclear weapons as fuel, helping to reduce global arsenals. The three internationally recognized stages of decommissioning mothballing, encasement, and dismantling are. Apr 01, 20 molten salt reactors the next generation of nuclear power duration. All canadian nuclear reactors are of the candu type but the reactor has also been marketed abroad until october 2011 aecl marketed and. Rouben mcmaster university nuclear reactor analysis ep 4d036d03 2012 janapr 2012 september outline a quick look at the. Video cameras monitor for undeclared fuel movements. I recall visiting the candu complex at darlington just north of toronto in 1993. Candu and heavy water moderated reactors nuclear tourist. You wouldnt download a nuclear reactor, but could you. The candu fuel contains pellets of uranium dioxide with natural uranium 0. The candu canada deuterium uranium reactor is a pressurized heavy water reactor of canadian design. Nuclear steam supply system a candu 6 nuclear steam supply systems power production process starts like that of any other nuclear steam supply system, with controlled fission in the reactor core. What makes the candu nuclear reactor superior to other. Snclavalin to build candu nuclear reactor for china the.
Coolant circulates through a nuclear reactor core to transfer the heat away from it and prevent a meltdown that would halt energy production. Candu reactors are designed to be refueled without being shut down. The candu reactor was designed by atomic energy canada limited as an alternative to other reactor designs which use slightly enriched uranium 25% u235. The pressure inside the containment vessel is building.
The basic parts of a nuclear reactor are the core, a moderator, control rods, a coolant, and shielding. From candu, it takes the heavy water moderator, which gives the design an improved neutron economy that. Nuclear power energy in pakistan the main part of the plant is designed on the model of chasma nuclear power plant and candu reactor. While candu energy is trying to entice jordan and china to purchase candu reactors, within canada it is unsure whether the newest nuclear plant to be built in ontario will be a candu reactor.
There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. Fission is the process of splitting atoms of natural uranium inside the reactor, releasing radiation and heat. The temelin nuclear power plant, south bohemia, czech republic. The first candu 6 plants went into service in the early 1980s as leadingedge technology, and the design has continuously evolved since to. Known as karachi nuclear power plant kanupp, the commercial power plant is a small 7mw candu reactor, a canadian pressurized heavy water reactor. The mean flight path length of a neutron between collisions the mean free path gives an indication of the degree of inhomogeneity of any reactor assembly consisting of fuel elements. Jul 05, 20 heavy water versus light water in ontario nuclear war. Candu reactors produce electricity through a process known as fission. In the mid1970s, aecl again tried to interest the united kingdom in candu, when the british nuclear industry was trying to determine which type of reactor system to.
Aplin july 5, 20 16 comments a few years ago i told steve paikin in a tv interview that when it comes down to a choice of nuclear reactors for ontario, i tend to cheer the same way i do in international hockey tournaments. Currently, 49 power reactors operate with phwr technology producing nearly 25 gwe. From its wartime infancy, canadas nuclear energy has grown to a 6. The history and current state of canadas candu nuclear reactor. Benchmarking of a generic candu reactor with parcs, mcnp. An ongoing comprehensive product development program is advancing all aspects of candu technology, with a focus on improving economics, enhancing safety, and ensuring fuelcycle flexibility to secure fuel supply for the foreseeable future.
It can be operated with natural uranium, which contains 0. December 31, 1969 every nuclear reactor is a disaster waiting to happen and candu reactors are no exception. Candu is listed in the worlds largest and most authoritative dictionary database of abbreviations and acronyms the free dictionary. What makes the candu nuclear reactor superior to other nuclear reactors. I liked the candu design and can see a number of advantages over comparable light water reactors. Canadian nuclear power generation 1 candu reactors canadian nuclear power generation 2 introduction candu worldwide.
A candu reactor has relatively large inventories of both heavy water and of uranium. Gentilly 2 is the only nuclear power plant operating in quebec, providing about 3. The first canadian reactor export took place in 1956. A nuclear power station is about to blow up and only jack mutant can save the world from total annihilation. Do you have what it takes to run a nuclear reactor. Feb 04, 2008 video on the refueling of the candu reactor by the canadian atomic energy agency. Candu energy says its new nuclear technology, which is able to use spent fuel from other reactors, has cleared a hurdle in china. Decommissioning of candu protoype moves forward, wnn, 01 december 2017 the canadian nuclear safety commission cnsc has extended the deadline for public comments on canadian nuclear laboratories cnl draft environmental impact statement eis for decommissioning the countrys first ever nuclear power reactor by two weeks to february. Decommissioning of candu nuclear power stations by g. Molten salt reactors the next generation of nuclear power duration. Like any other equipment, candu reactor components require ongoing monitoring and maintenance to ensure they operate safely and reliably. Your trusted partner throughout the nuclear life cycle snclavalin. Response of the critical reactor to a reactivity change 7.
They are much better for making weapons grade plutonium since you dont need enriched uranium and you can easily replace fuel rods after a short neutron exposure. This is an online quiz called candu nuclear reactor. The component addressed in the present report is candu pressure tubes. Canada deuterium uranium reactor engineering britannica. The candu allows more local input in nations that do not have the capability to cast a pressure vessel. But i havent heard of it being a particular problem with the candu.
Canadian utilities are no longer building candu reactors because of their high cost and poor performance. Candus have a number of serious technical, and safety problems, as well as the unique environmental problem of tritium emissions. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Candu reactor article about candu reactor by the free.
Find out what its like learning in the nuclear simulation lab at uoit. Candu nuclear power plants world wide nuclear power. A candu reactor employs several hundred horizontal fuel channels, only two being shown in figure 1. However, unlike other reactors, the candu 6 is fuelled with natural uranium fuel that is distributed among 380 fuel channels. It was a research and plutonium production reactor modelled on the 40 mw nrx national research xmetal or xperimental reactor that began operation at chalk river in 1947. Jul 15, 2016 i recall visiting the candu complex at darlington just north of toronto in 1993. Neutron induced fission releases energy plus extra fast neutrons. Candu 6 could be diverted and used to produce plutonium for nuclear. The company said thursday that a chinese expert panel has given a. The water moderator also functions as the primary coolant in light water reactors. The 40 mw research reactor cirus canada india reactor united states so named because the u. Before the reactor was constructed, india signed an agreement with the government of canada stating india would only use its nuclear technology for peaceful purposes, a commitment it would later break. Intro to materials scienceguided inquiry uva 21,999 views.
Fundamentally, a candu nuclear power plant generates electricity like most thermal electricity stations i. Candu fuel is produced in smaller and simpler units than those typical of lwrs, potentially reducing the fabrication cost, which is a substantial fraction of the total cost of mox use. Candu 6 is our 700 mwe class nuclear power reactor. Look up the candu reactor design, which is another approach to a nuclear reactor, which uses natural uranium u238, with heavy water for a. The basic operation of the candu design is similar to other nuclear reactors. Nuclear reactor understanding how it works physics elearnin video nuclear reactors are the modern day devices extensively used for. Nuclear power plant safety systems canadian nuclear safety. Heavy water versus light water in ontario nuclear war. Viewers will be able to see up to four video displays at a time. Its reliability is critical for the safety of the public.
The gentilly2 candu 6 reactor is owned and operated by hydroquebec. The purpose of this project is to benchmark a generic candu reactor with the computer codes parcs, mcnp and rfsp. Exporting disaster the cost of selling candu reactors 3. Look up the candu reactor design, which is another approach to a nuclear reactor, which uses natural uranium u238, with heavy water for a moderator. All nuclear power plants in canada use the candu design a safe, reliable, reactor technology. This reflector also has an important effect on reactor dynamics because of its very long diffusion length. Candu nuclear reactors videos and latest news articles.
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